Essay Samples For SFO Travel Award - Why Use Them?

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Why I Dont Like Writing Essay

Why I Don't Like Writing EssayMany times, I don't like writing an essay. The time is just not right for a long essay, and it's easy to get caught up in the details and lose sight of the main point. You can't please everybody, so you have to be on your toes all the time, as you change topics and explore new angles.There is no doubt that even the best and top-notch textbook publisher, can be frustrating. It is frustrating when you feel you just know the answer to a question but can't seem to find the words to describe it. When you're a writer, it is frustrating when you spend hours upon hours trying to come up with a meaningful piece, only to be frustrated that you can't get it into a coherent form.You cannot be too careful with your words, and if you want to make something meaningful, you have to be careful about the wording you use. It is not a good thing to take your eyes off the main point for a second, and here's why. You might say, 'What if I lost the topic for a second and then came back to it?If you wrote a paragraph describing how cold it was in your home that day and then later came back to it, would you be successful in explaining it? Would you have made a useful point? If you've come back to a paragraph you just left, would you be able to make sense of it? All good writers will feel some kind of frustration at one time or another.You do not need to worry about being famous or making a great essay, because the key to writing well is to find something interesting, and write about it. Use the experience you have written the other pieces to come up with interesting and different topics. As long as you have the talent, and the ability to come up with ideas, you should be able to come up with something different.To become a writer, you must have a strong mind, strong character, and the creativity to find something interesting, unique, and creative that the world needs to read. We are all looking for knowledge, and the harder we work, the more we need to get the information we need. It seems like our brains can't remember, but it is far more efficient if we use what our brains are trained to learn. There is a fine line between where you are now, and where you will be.Listening skills are very important skills, as they are the key to getting what you want from the written word. If you have poor listening skills, it is difficult to convey an idea, and you end up sounding foolish, and maybe even silly. Everyone has their own particular ways of communicating, and it is very important to listen and understand what someone is saying. There are many ways to speak, and it is only through the correct way of communication that you will be understood, and it will be helpful to people who are reading your message.Listening is a great way to save time, as you will not waste a lot of time attempting to find the words to describe something. No matter how much time you spend researching, and studying your topic, if you do not provide evidence to suppo rt your argument, you will be wasting time. Evidence is the cornerstone of our education. So, spend time in front of a book, or using an internet dictionary, and gain knowledge, and understanding.

Essay Questions For Internship Samples of the Subject

Essay Questions For Internship Samples of the SubjectThe people who are willing to complete an essay for internship samples of the subject are students who want to earn the right diploma and earn their first or second year of high school education. But, you have to be careful because these are actual tests that will let you know your intelligence. This is so since writing for essays, tests, and interviews is really a tough task.If you have not done it yet, you better start learning now, because writing an essay is just like having an interview with all the questions and things you have to write about. So, take all the help you can find in the essay questions for internship samples of the subject, which will let you know what you are going to write. It will be easy to do it if you have an idea on what you are going to write, but if you don't know, you are going to have to find out.Since you know the topic, let's have a look at some of the things you have to think about. Just think of this, it is not an easy task, especially if you are not used to writing.The first thing that you have to consider is your topic. You have to think of it very carefully, since you are going to use it as the basis of your essay. Think of it like a first date, or a conference, where you are going to give your presentation and ask for feedback from people. Or, you could also imagine this as an interview where you are going to ask for feedback from the person whose opinion you are going to be asking for.So, you have to make a decision about the topic that is going to be the basis of your essay, but the next thing that you have to consider is writing style, sentence structure, and grammar. These are things that you have to think about, because these are some of the things that can make or break your essay. You can find some sample essays online, where you can have an idea on what is being written, but it is still good to have some assistance for this.Make sure that you have gathered enoug h information on these topics, or you are not going to be able to find any professional essay questions for internship samples of the subject. Having enough information and knowledge will allow you to have a clear picture of what you are going to write and how you will write it. Even though there are free essays, you will not be able to succeed if you don't have the guidance and instructions that are needed. And once you get this, the rest will be easy.Just find out where to find these resources. There are many resources online that you can find, because there are many resources available. You can find some free samples for essays, and you will find some paid sample essays too. But, if you are not too familiar with writing for essay, free samples for essay are really useful and a good way to get started on the right track.

Case Study The nice trap Question Free Essays

Class: UTAS5 Name: Wu Yiwen Student ID: 1191415 Case study: The nice trap Question 1: Do you think there is a contradiction between what employers want in employees (agreeable employees) and what employees actually do best (disagreeable employees)? Why or why not? Agreeableness is one of the Big Five personality models. This dimension refers to an individual’s propensity to defer to others. Agreeable individuals are better liked than disagreeable people, which explain why they tend to do better in interpersonally oriented jobs such as customer service. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Study The nice trap Question or any similar topic only for you Order Now Compared to disagreeable people, agreeable people can get better along with others. They are also more compliant and make fewer mistakes. However, agreeable employees tend to have lower level of career success. Compared to disagreeable people, agreeable people are practically considered as bad negotiator. They are less aggressive in negotiating starting salaries and pay raises for themselves. They are poor in executive administration and are harder to be promoted. Instead, the disagreeable employees are more ambitious and perform better. Therefore, there is a contradiction between what employers want in employees and what employees actually do best. Question 2: Often, the effects of personality depend on the situation. Can you think of some job situations in which agreeableness is an important virtue? And when it is harmful? The apparent contradiction implies that agreeableness has both benefits and harms to the career development of those who own this trait. When talking about the interpersonal relationships, the agreeableness is an important virtue. It is essential to get well along with the colleagues, superiors and juniors, which the agreeable people have an advantage in this aspect. Additionally, they are compliant and rule-abiding. On the other hand, agreeableness sometimes hinders the development of career. Those who are agreeable lack of ambition and courage. They are poor at competing with others. It is hard to stand out and be promoted. In addition, management is also their weakness. It is difficult to establish credibility. They may give little criticism to the juniors. In a word, it is still controversial whether employee should be agreeable in the workplace because the impacts of personality vary in accordant to different situations. If the employees can balance the pros and cons and put the agreeableness in the suitable situation, they will achieve success. Question 3: In some research, the negative effects of agreeableness on earnings are stronger for men than for women. Why do you think this might be the case? In some research, being agreeable hurt men’s earnings more than women’s. As a rule, agreeableness is reflected more on women. Most women are gentle and friendly. It is the common impression. So, in the workplace, agreeableness has fewer effects. However, men are strong, enterprising, strictly and supporting a family in the common impression. Agreeableness influences more in the workplace. On the other hand, men are more likely to be promoted than women. Therefore, the negative effects of agreeableness on earnings are stronger for men than for women. How to cite Case Study The nice trap Question, Free Case study samples

Professional Responsibilities and Knowledge in Nursing

Question: What is Critical Reflection, Critical Analysisdurinig nursing practices?Describe Them and After then write down what is conclusion u have founded duringnursing practices? Answer: Introduction Understanding of professional responsibilities and knowledge of the pre-requisite competencies are two main principal requirement of nursing practice. Most of these learning with respect to the competencies can be acquired with the help of nursing education, which form the foundation of professional basis. Furthermore with time and with the learning opportunities by virtue of involvement in routine nursing practice, more competencies can be acquired into the personal perception of any nurse. In other words, the competencies being acquired in the course of professional time, is referred to as experience. It is hence, with this preliminary definition, it can be understood that the scope of the present report is thus based on the description and illustration of the learning, requirement for the conduct and execution of effective nursing practice. This information will ultimately reflex the optimistic vision of professional in terms of clinical decision, decision support and use of wisdo m in the routine practice. In particular, this assignment will reflect on the practical learning need to develop and enhance my professional development as a nursing student. The assignment shall be written in the first person and confidentiality shall be maintained in accordance of the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC, 2010). In order to generate knowledge one has to reflect the theoretical learning and find out practical knowledge that lies buried with their own practice (Rolfe, 2001). I have decided to use Rolfe (2001) model which is based on the What, So What and Now What concepts in order to reflect upon time when I gave the nursing handover. The PREP guideline (NMC, 2011) is going to be referred in the whole assignment of my learning need. The learning practical need I have to choose to reflect on, is to communicate effectively during handover. Communication with respect to the documentation part (handover) is important as it conveys the medium of knowledge translation, shar ing of information, keeping the record of information and helps in professional conducting of routine practice. It is hence the present report can be referred to as a self-reflection part, where the learning input, sources, factors impacting, probable outcomes, improvement areas and region for implementing changes are mentioned and described with evidences and reference. Furthermore, it is also noteworthy to mention that the crucial information, which I have added in the present report, has been based on my self-analysis as well as based on the ideology and views of experts in the field with the help of various literatures. The information contained within various literatures are thereby correlated and cross-referred with each other, in order to exclude any false positive information (Street, 2011, pp.133; Sexton, 2004). Furthermore, it was believed that the importance of this report lies in context to the future prospect part, where efforts can be input for the improvement in nursi ng practice. Critical reflection During my placement I was allocated to look after a two patients under supervision from my mentor. During my initial days, I had been caring for these patients and because of low content of knowledge with respect to the documentation; I found difficulty in preparing and providing the handover to the next shift. According OConnell, MacDonald Kelly (2008, pp.2) allowing students nurses to take accountability for getting better the quality of their handovers will develop continuity of care, patient safety and outcomes. I believed that my mentor would give handover as she had been doing it all the time. Although I have been listening to staff giving handover several times, but at that particular time, especially on my first day of professional accountability, I was not prepared to incorporate the requisite information to be added for the completion of the handover report. It is hence the information I was giving to the incoming staff was not adequate and appropriate. When handing over I was mumbling at times and it was unclear to other staff, where the patient background information, suggestions from other professionals, my reflection for the care and intervention requirement of the patient, critical information regarding medication, diet, patient posture and other important details have not b een included. My mentor noticed that I was struggling and she took over the job of preparing the handover and make it complete. While my mentor was preparing the handover, I noticed these parameters to be crucial and necessary for delivering the information to next nursing professional. According to Cohen Hilligoss (2009) unsuccessful handover increases the possibility of errors in medication, draws back the course of treatment, and decreases patient satisfaction and stays longer in hospital. Furthermore, the organizational objective of improved health care practices, increased patient satisfaction, and positive patient outcome was also found to be hampered with the inclusion of error in the documentation part (kerr, 2011, pp.342). After the handover, I reflected on my practice, as I felt embarrassed and ashamed because I was not confident enough and lack the requisite knowledge for the preparation of handover with respect to my nursing practice. I thus realised that the theoretical knowledge with respect to the crucial information of patient, details of the care and measures needed for the health restoration of the patient, use of appropriate terminology and vocabulary, following the procedure and methods in accordance to the organizational policies, local and national guideline framework, are crucial (Chaboyer, 2010, pp.27). My mentor took me aside and reassured me saying that it happens to everyone but with practice I will construct my confidence gradually. According to Collins (2004, pp.12) a session of patient handovers in a secure atmosphere can help student nurses to build up the skills and self-confidence required to take into practice successfully. This opportunity has given me an insight to plan my pe rsonal improvement needs in relation to handover and think about how to apply the learning into practice. According to Kitson, Muntlin, Elliott, Cant (2014, pp.1228) a more robust approach is required to know the complex process of getting better nursing communication behaviours, mostly around the nursing handover. These approaches use the usage of appropriate terminologies and vocabulary that should be standard and common in nursing practice usage. The advantage of this term lies in context to the that the standard terminologies provides advantage when it comes for sharing of the information from one hand to another hand. Thus the scope of miscommunication, confusion and problem with respect to understanding of critical terms is thus minimized, which reduces the possibility of error in the nursing care and intervention (Anderson, 2014). The first part I realised is to be familiar with the format of the handover. I noted that there are various formats that are needed to take care, while working in other department, and the relevance of each format is crucial. Next as mentioned in the earlier context, that the use of standard vocabularies and terminologies while preparing the handover is crucial. Knowledge of both of these can be learned and acquired in the course of nursing learning. Other important and crucial requirements understand the type of information that are necessary to be incorporated in the handover. The specifications with respect to the treatment and care plan of the patient, use of medication and combination of drugs for the treatment should be mention with respect to route of administration, quantity of dosing, frequency and timing of medication management (Staggers Blaz, 2013, pp.247). Likewise, the diet related information, patient posture while moving, any special requirement of the patient and re levant details are also needed to be incorporated in the handover, which will help in understanding to the nurse of next shift. All these information ensures that the care and treatment course of patient is not being hampered with respect to job and nursing responsibilities in the institution. I also realised that the assessment of patient taken during the session of responsibility, the critical reflection obtained with the help of assessment, special referral or discussion related information that are confirmed from other multi-disciplinary professionals are also necessary to be incorporated in the handover. My mentor, suggested me that these information are crucial not only for the part of informational exchange from one professional to another, but is also crucial for the documentation and record keeping purpose. These documents are thus helpful for the future course of analysis, clinical judgement and necessary implementation measures to be taken for the wellbeing of the patient . With the narrated scenario, I realised that the documentation and communication approach in preparation of the handover is thus crucial part of professional responsibility and routine practice. It is thus, owing to this experience, I attempted to go for further reading and discussion with my mentor as well as other senior nurses, which facilitates in improvement as well as increment in the knowledge regarding the documentation and handover preparation. Critical Analysis With reference to the above discussed content, it can be clearly understood that the concern of this self-reflection report is based on the illustration of effective communication skills in conjunction to documentation and handover preparation. The crucial reflection shed light on a real part scenario, which pave importance on the learning and adoption of requisite nursing competencies. Moving on to the next, the present section deals with the critical analytical part of the same concern, which I learned by virtue of literature survey and in the due course of professional practice afterwards. Certainly, the learning and understanding of the contents in this regards, helps in achieving the professional requirements, which are analysed (Holly Poletick, 2013). According to Kerr (2014) communication forms an integral part in the health care services, as it is the key player in deciding the fate of health and social care outcome. In simple terms the approach of exchange the view, ideology, concern, expression and emotional attributes are crucial along with the treatment regime and medications. It is equally important to understand the requirement of patient, the concern of the health care professionals and sustaining the morale of the patient, which ensures the effectiveness and efficacy of the completely health care service exchange system (Ganz, 2015, pp.49). The advantage of effective communication skills lies in the context of framing partnership models, establishing trustworthy relationship; reduce the complication of information dissemination and accurate exchange of information among both the health care providers and health care consumers. The relevant communication theories applicable to the present scenario are (Klim, 2013, pp.2233 ; OConnell, 2014, pp.560; Li, 2012, pp.941): (1) Activation theory of information exposure(2) Health belief model(3) Theory of reasoned action(4)Fear appeals theory It is important to state that these nursing theories and nursing practice models are not only effective with respect to the understanding of documentation part, but are also relevant with respect to the communication strategies (verbal and non-verbal) other than documentation. With the advancement, the improvement and implementation has been performed with maximum effort to ensure effective communication flow at the health care settings. These efforts include, usage of IT resources, communication devices cum monitoring equipment and occupational training to staff and health care professionals (McMurray, 2011, pp.19). It is hence along with the regular health care related competencies, the professionals are also required to make use of the resources and tools for increasing the effectiveness of the process. The common methods of communication are usage of internet resources, videos, DVDs and audio recording. These methods will not only facilitate the exchange of information from both the ends, but will also help in ensuring that the message is being received and understood by both the parties (Hunt, 2012, pp.310). Regarding the confidentiality and security of patient information, data protection Act of 1998 is suitable where the information cannot be used without the consent of the patient. It is important to make clear that the documentation and information practices within the health care settings are a part of communication where information storage, retrieval and exchange are main issues. Personally I revealed that the use of standardized vocabularies and terminologies in the documentation is also necessary to ensure error free information exchange between multi-disciplinary professionals. Likewise, appropriate training and resources should be provided to the health care professionals to deal with cultural and ethnical diverse health care consumers. Special training and assistance should be provided to the patients having poor English proficiency and hearing impairment. Avoiding the excessive usage of medical jargons, especially in the context of general health care consumers is also one o f the good practices (Staggers, 2011, pp.209; Gage, 2012, pp.43). Other important legislation constitutes, National Health Service Act of 2006 and Health and Social Care Act 2012. These guidelines described related to the training and assistance to the health care professionals, functions and responsibilities of the professionals, regulatory bodies to collect intervention record, assessment records, monitoring the procedure and protocols, interaction and communication approach by the health care professionals with the consumer, and similar issues. The ethical and legislation criteria of local, national and international code of conducts should be take care while attempting to impose a positive communication impact. These attributes, include the following points, which I learned are (Eberhardt, 2014, pp17; Lu, 2013): (1) Restriction of inappropriate language(2)Restriction and training to avoid usage of incongruent language(3) Clear and precise communication to avoid any misinterpretation(4) Breach of confidentiality(5) Breach of trust within the scope of health care practice(6) Ethical conduct to avoid any threat and abuse(7) Respect to the power of the individual, autonomy and choice of patient with respect to the health restoration method. Health care settings should facilitate necessary resources and requirements to ensure that health care professionals face minimal challenges while interacting with the consumers having poor or no English literacy cum proficiency. Use of internet resources, information system, evidence based practice, inclusion of third party, translator, family members in communication is worthy in this regard. Effective strategies of communication are necessary not only to deal with single target audience, but are also necessary for conveying the message and receiving the response from mass community and from other health care professionals. Apart from the handover in conjunction to the discussed concern, there are other means, which I realised are necessary to enhance the effectiveness of the communication process. Conference, flyers, newspapers, publication and use of media resources are always found to be worthy when it comes to address huge mass (Bradley Mott, 2013). Public policy pave crucial role in this regard by defining and mentioning effective guidelines to deal with the communication strategies for communication. (Scott, 2012, pp.14) Particularly in NHS, RIO is one of the approaches where the information and related content of patient are used to be stored in form of electronic records and database. This helps in making a common point or repository for the community health related information (Gage, 2013). The effectiveness in the communication skills among the health care professionals can be improved with some of the suggestions as mentioned in the preceding section. The particular mode of improvisation in the communication process is mediated thorough appropriate training for health care professionals (Clarey, 2014, pp.419). Effective and efficient communication skills is one of the most essential competency for health care professionals which ensures that the meaning and convention of any ideology, concern and review is translational among various personals associated with the health care practices. Understanding cultural diversity, respecting the values of individual, offer equality in terms of treatment and health care requirement are the noteworthy elements in this regard (Ferguson Cioffi, 2011, pp.5). The effectiveness in communication means should be made included within the requirements of health care practice by the policy priority means. It is hence sufficient ethical and legislative measures should be present as active part in the guidelines and regulatory measures of day-to-day practices. Particularly in the field of health care, it is the duty of educators, leaders and managers to ensure that effective means of communication is processed and channelized in the routine health care practice (Pope, 2012, pp.24). On the contrary, the most effective strategy for improvement in the communication methodology is the understanding of the professional responsibility by the health care professionals itself. It is hence the motivation of professional satisfaction and professionals characteristics can work for being a patient listener and effective advocator irrespective of any issue within the content of health care services (Allan, 2011, pp.847). With the help of learning and understanding from literature review, I learned that an appropriate and accurate handover should include following points (Voyer, 2013; Johnson, 2012, pp.462): (1) Patient background information(2) Patient assessment related information(3) Details and suggestions of any other health care professional(4) Information with respect to the dietary concern, adverse food drug information, dietary precaution, administration of medication in conjunction to dietary habits.(5) Medication management and the legal and ethical concerns involved in the medication management.(6) Clinical decision, involved in the course of intervention and treatment regime involved.(7) Decision support and discussion minutes if carried out with other nurses and other health care professionals.(8) Detail of the description with respect to the use of wisdom in the decision making process.(9) Electronic prescribing, storage, retrieval and exchange of information, if needed.(10) Connection with a common server, hence the information can be accessed from any point, anywhere within and outside the health care settings, as per the requirement in the nursing practice.(11) Support and development for the ongoing operational processes, in conjunction to the on-going nursing intervention or treatment regime.(12) Risk identification and assessment as per the situation. It should be noted that the present concern is also important to be communicated verbally, depending upon the requirement and need of the hour.(13) Details of any instrumental necessities with respect to the assigned responsibility. These information can also be linked with the instrument specifications, readings, defects, need for the up-gradation and other related requirements. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be said that the present report illustrated the critical reflection and critical analysis the nursing competencies with respect to communication strategy for documentation and communication by handover. The error in nursing practices is majorly linked with the documentation and handover part, and hence the said paradigm should be understood with depth knowledge and attention. All the learning, which I conferred with the help of theoretical and professional experience, is thus summarized in the report. Moreover, it is also believed that the present information is helpful for relevant readers for learning and understanding of the need for effectiveness in communication and usage of standardised vocabularies and terminologies. References: COHEN, M. D., HILLIGOSS, P. B. 2010. The published literature on handoffs in hospitals: deficiencies identified in an extensive review. Quality and Safety in Health Care, qshc-2009.COLLINS, G. 2013. Using simulation to develop handover skills. Nursing times, 110(8), 12-14.CHABOYER, W., MCMURRAY, A., WALLIS, M. 2010. Bedside nursing handover: a case study. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 16(1), 27-34.O'CONNELL, B., MACDONALD, K., KELLY, C. 2008. Nursing handover: it's time for a change. Contemporary Nurse, 30(1), 2-11.KITSON, A. L., MUNTLIN ATHLIN, ., ELLIOTT, J., CANT, M. L. 2014. What's my line? A narrative review and synthesis of the literature on Registered Nurses' communication behaviours between shifts. Journal of advanced nursing, 70(6), 1228-1242.NURSING AND MIDWIFERY COUNCIL 2010 Standards for Pre-registration Nurse Education. London: NMCROLFE, G., FRESHWATER, D., JASPER, M. 2001. Critical reflection for nursing and the helping professions: A user's guide. Bas ingstoke: Palgrave.STREET, M., EUSTACE, P., LIVINGSTON, P. M., CRAIKE, M. J., KENT, B., PATTERSON, D. 2011)=. Communication at the bedside to enhance patient care: a survey of nurses' experience and perspective of handover. International journal of nursing practice, 17(2), 133-140.SEXTON, A., CHAN, C., ELLIOTT, M., STUART, J., JAYASURIYA, R., CROOKES, P. 2004. Nursing handovers: do we really need them?. Journal of nursing management, 12(1), 37-42.KERR, D., LU, S., McKINLAY, L., FULLER, C. 2011. Examination of current handover practice: evidence to support changing the ritual. International journal of nursing practice, 17(4), 342-350.ANDERSON, J., MALONE, L., SHANAHAN, K., MANNING, J. 2014. Nursing bedside clinical handoveran integrated review of issues and tools. Journal of clinical nursing.STAGGERS, N., BLAZ, J. W. 2013. Research on nursing handoffs for medical and surgical settings: an integrative review. Journal of advanced nursing, 69(2), 247-262.HOLLY, C., POLETICK, E. B. 2013. A systematic review on the transfer of information during nurse transitions in care. Journal of clinical nursing.KERR, D., KLIM, S., KELLY, A. M., McCANN, T. 2014. Impact of a modified nursing handover model for improving nursing care and documentation in the emergency department: A pre and post implementation study. International journal of nursing practice.GANZ, F. D., ENDACOTT, R., CHABOYER, W., BENBINISHTY, J., NUN, M. B., RYAN, H., ... SPOONER, A. 2015. The quality of intensive care unit nurse handover related to end of life: A descriptive comparative international study. International journal of nursing studies, 52(1), 49-56.KLIM, S., KELLY, A. M., KERR, D., WOOD, S., McCANN, T. 2013. Developing a framework for nursing handover in the emergency department: an individualised and systematic approach. Journal of clinical nursing, 22(15-16), 2233-2243.O'CONNELL, B., OCKERBY, C., HAWKINS, M. 2014. Construct validity and reliability of the Handover Evaluation Scale. Journal of clinical nursing, 23(3-4), 560-570.McMURRAY, A., CHABOYER, W., WALLIS, M., JOHNSON, J., GEHRKE, T. (2011). Patients perspectives of bedside nursing handover. Collegian, 18(1), 19-26.LIU, W., MANIAS, E., GERDTZ, M. 2012. Medication communication between nurses and patients during nursing handovers on medical wards: a critical ethnographic study. International journal of nursing studies, 49(8), 941-952.HUNT, G. E., MARSDEN, R., O'CONNOR, N. 2012. Clinical handover in acute psychiatric and community mental health settings. Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing, 19(4), 310-318.STAGGERS, N., CLARK, L., BLAZ, J. W., KAPSANDOY, S. 2011. Why patient summaries in electronic health records do not provide the cognitive support necessary for nurses handoffs on medical and surgical units: insights from interviews and observations. Health informatics journal, 17(3), 209-223.GAGE, W. 2013. Evaluating handover practice in an acute NHS trust. Nursing Standard, 27(48), 43-5 0.EBERHARDT, S. 2014. Improve handoff communication with SBAR. Nursing2014, 44(11), 17-20.BRADLEY, S., MOTT, S. 2013. Adopting a patient centred approach: an investigation into the introduction of bedside handover to three rural hospitals. Journal of clinical nursing.LU, S., KERR, D., MCKINLAY, L. 2013. Bedside nursing handover: Patients' opinions. International journal of nursing practice.SCOTT, P., ROSS, P., PRYTHERCH, D. 2012. Evidence-based inpatient handovers: a literature review and research agenda. Clinical Governance: An International Journal, 17(1), 14-27.CLAREY, A., ALLEN, M., BRACE-MCDONNELL, S., COOKE, M. W. 2014. Ambulance handovers: can a dedicated ED nurse solve the delay in ambulance turnaround times?. Emergency Medicine Journal, 31(5), 419-420.FERGUSON, L., CIOFFI, J. 2011. Team nursing: experiences of nurse managers in acute care settings. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing. ND, 28(4), 5-11.POPE, T. 2012. How person-centred care can improve nurses attit udes to hospitalised older patients. Nursing older people, 24(1), 32-37.ALLAN, H. T., SMITH, P., ODRISCOLL, M. 2011. Experiences of supernumerary status and the hidden curriculum in nursing: a new twist in the theorypractice gap?. Journal of clinical nursing, 20(5 6), 847-855.VOYER, P., MCCUSKER, J., COLE, M. G., MONETTE, J., CHAMPOUX, N., CIAMPI, A., ... RICHARD, S. 2013. Nursing documentation in long-term care settings: new empirical evidence demands changes be made. Clinical nursing research, 1054773813475809.JOHNSON, M., JEFFERIES, D., NICHOLLS, D. 2012. Exploring the structure and organization of information within nursing clinical handovers. International journal of nursing practice, 18(5), 462-470.

Child Development

Introduction Child development can be defined as changes that occur in a human being starting from the time they are born extending to the close of adolescence. These changes include both biological and psychological which are influenced by various factors which may include; environmental, learning, genetics and pre-natal life.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Child Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The major ones that contribute to these changes are environmental and genetics defined as maturation. These two interactively lead to a healthy child growth. Developmental stages may be divided into several periods depending with the child’s age. These include; newborn 0-1 month, infant 1month-1yr, toddler 1-3yrs, pre-schoolar 3-6 yrs, school- age 6-13 yrs, teenage/adolescent 13-20yrs. All these sages are important as specific development are expected to take place, therefore all the necess ities should be but in place to enhance a healthy growth. Development is a continuous process where one stage leads to the next and as such, success is to be endeavored at all the above mentioned stages. It is a common thing for some children to attain certain developmental millstone earlier or later in relation to the given average time frames. Several theories have been formulated such as the attachment, behavioral, ecological system theories and many more all in attempt of explaining child development. During the age of 1-3yrs;toddler, much growth is achieved and great changes also take place, the child also have opinions and can solve problems and important of all is that the child learns to be independent. Toddlerhood is therefore, the most critical stage in a child development. Various aspects of development in toddlerhood In the society, child development is very crucial and therefore knowing the Cognitive, motor, social, emotional, moral, physical appearances and language de velopment and the strategies that can be employed to enhance this development at this various stages is very crucial. Cognitive development of a toddler Play and imitation form major activities in cognitive growth. Toddlers are very curious of what takes place in the world for example, they can try mixing several ingredients as they see adults do and at some times they try to explore various things on their own, for instance they can opt to discover what happens if one drops a glass or throws something like a ball into water. At this stage, the child does things repeatedly as a method of learning. It is in this stage that adults find challenges in bringing up a child as he/she will always imitate even the most dangerous activities and also try to discover through various experiments (Charlesworth 2010).Advertising Looking for critical writing on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More At the age of 18 months representationa l thinking develops whereby a child is in a position to think over a problem before taking any action. For instance if the child wants to reach a ball placed on top of a table he/she stretches and when unable, stops and thinks over how to solve the problem then, finds a chair to step on it as he/she stretches to reach the ball, contrary to the previous stage where he/she could stop thinking the moment he/she failed to get the ball. It is also at this stage where the child likes to discover things hidden from them when they are seeing and especially when they are hid in the same place always. At a much latter stage, 18 months or latter they can be able to find things that are hidden without them seeing. Also the child starts to develop language by naming the toys used for playing as it is the stage she/he uses more than one toy as compared to the earlier stage where only one was manageable. Speech is important in concept development and as such adults should help, support and guide t he child reach his/her cognitive potential. Usually, learning is through manipulation of objects and language develops in connection to these objects. During this stage concepts such as size, weight, length, time and others are learnt. As the child encounters so many objects in their day to day life, they learn the different characteristics of these objects in a more meaningful manner hence enhancing their brain development (Charlesworth 2011). At 12-18 months child’s brain develops, whereby their memory span expands. Toddlers are able to master what they see the adults do and repeat at a much latter stage. This is known as deferred imitation where repetition is done hence improving brain connections (Charlesworth 2011). At 18-24 months, the brain becomes more developed where many circuits that enable the child jump, scoop and such more activities become complete. Language and play provide new skills in problem solving and the older ways of doing things are now re-molded. At three years of age, the child’s brain is approximated to be 80% that of an adult. It is at this age that a child molds object\s to represent the reality, for example the use of a folded sweater as a child. Many opportunities should be presented to the child at this stage to help improve their skills in solving problems. Children should be bought materials such as toys, recycled containers, paints and many more. Moreover children should be given some space to try and to discover things on their own as this will improve their brains compared to when they are assisted wholly. Some activities that they should be left on their own to explore on their own include mixing different colors to see the outcome.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Child Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Concepts relating to categorization and classification are also learnt at this stage. Children can now be in a pos ition to discover objects with a like features and classify them. At times this classification is incorrect, for example all objects to them may be generalize as vehicles which at long run may not be true, therefore, adults should label the objects , guide them in noting their differences and similarities to help them avoid generalizing when it comes to classification. Pretend play becomes common such as making a call using a spoon or a maize cob, drinking from empty cups and many others form of pretence. During this time, adults should lower themselves to the toddler’s level and engage in a collaborative play (Charlesworth 2011). Motor development of a toddler This is concerned with issues of body movement. The coordinated movement of arms and legs is termed as gross motor skills, while those movements that involve hands and fingers are referred to as fine- motor skills; to improve these two types of development, the child should be provided with more opportunities to crawl, play and jump by providing an extensive playing ground (Goldberg, 2001). Motor development is influenced by many factors such as genetics which determines the size of the body parts and their strength. Nutrition and exercise are also crucial in determining the strength and the ease in movements. The child should also be provided with play objects such as toys, a pair of scissors and others that will require manipulation by use of hands and fingers to strengthen the young muscles which will encourage and improved the motor development. Usually, motor development takes place in a sequential manner whereby the child starts with crawling at the age of 6-8 months. They then stand and walk while supporting themselves with objects. They then learn to stand without any support and eventually walk a few steps (Charlesworth 2011). Social development of a toddler; the major aspect in social development is play. At this stage the child has learnt how to walk and communicate and it is the time that he/she proofs very playful. Though according to the adults, these children may not be physically fit to play alone, they like doing their things independently. Toddlers play near other children though they don’t know how to intermingle with them, they have not yet learnt to share and enjoy in pretence games. Toddlers also become anxious about strangers and places they fear could be dangerous. They will usually find an attachment to the object they find comfort such as toys. Social development in a toddler is of great value because all the values instilled to the kid at this stage are even portrayed at adulthood. When the child grows socially, he/she finds it easy to interact with other toddlers and also adults, thus easily making friends.Advertising Looking for critical writing on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More One important aspect of the social aspect of a kid is that when well guided through this stage the child develops self confidence which can be molded by praising the child in every other attempt she/he makes. Important to mention also is language, training a child to use courtesy words such as please, thank you, sorry cultivates discipline in a child and makes it easier for him or her to socialize. When language is understood well, then, expressing ones feelings become friendly than when it is done physically. Language is a way of communicating which is vital in social development .Toddlers majorly learn through mimicking and as such according them respect and also treating others well will lead to a healthy social growth as they will always do what their parents or caregivers do. As mentioned earlier, toddlers are forgetful and they learn when something is repeatedly done, therefore one should be consistent in instilling a certain skill or value, but not just doing it once and assu ming that the child has grasped everything right (Charlesworth, 2011). Emotional development of a toddler It is in this stage that the child become more independent and very possessive. The child expresses his/herself in many ways such as crying, pointing at want they want and throwing tantrums. Also the child recognizes him/herself and has preferences to certain things such as cloths. Due to the sensitive at this age it is good to create a good relationship with the child by expressing what you feel on his/her action, not punishing them harshly and using humor in correcting them rather than shouting and use of harsh words. Important of all is to control emotions as the child will imitate adults emotional behaviors thus affecting their growth (shaffer, 1995). Moral development of a toddler This stage of development is crucial because through imitation, a child develops morals. It is therefore important for the adults to have good morals so that they can act as role models to the tod dlers. Also feelings of guilty, empathy and other moral feelings are also pronounced. Learning moral concepts at this age such as truth is important as this will have an influence in a child’s life. Parents should be very conscience in all they do because at this stage the child is very observant as he/she is curious of all that takes place in the surrounding. It is good to instill punishment immediately the child does wrong and even setting out the mistake very clearly so that the child can appreciate what he /she is punished for. Opportunities for doing things that were previously done wrong should be provided. Moral development is very important as it has far stretching effects into a child’s future endeavors (Shaffer, 1995). Physical development of a toddler This is a very important stage in child development and it is perceived to be the most troublesome stage as the child will always stand by his/her opinion with a no answer at hand. This stage includes children from one to three years where by in each year some physical and biological changes occur. In this paper toddler stage has been selected as the stage of address and all the millstones, physical changes activities and rationale to promote development at this stage have been considered herein. One year old; curious, imitate sounds, name people they know, point at what they want, frequently use no answer, follow simple directions, pronounce one or two words. Two year old; think before acting, don’t know how to make decision, low concentration span, use two to three words combined, join in singing, memorizes short poems or songs. Three years old; the child is more active. uses several words to in combination to construct a sentence, can memorize a verse or a short stanza, becomes interested in learning by using a pencil to scribble, he/she becomes more independent in activities such as toileting, dressing in some occasions and feeding. At this stage, children are known to eat very little but after every short time span throughout the day. Children at this stage should be allowed to play most of their time and playing objects such as toys should also be provided, parents should tell the short stories about them or of other children of the same age, sing to them short songs, providing a balanced diet every time they need to feed, playing games such as hide and seek with them and other forms of exercise so as to enhance their physical growth (Malley, 1995) Language development of a toddler At the age of 10 months most children have their first words come out of their mouths, they are the simplest ones such us mummy and daddy. This is the most exiting moments to the parents. As the child starts to walk, these words may be forgotten owing to the fact that the child cannot concentrate at two things as mentioned earlier. At the age of two years the child learns new words in his/her day to day encounters and is now able to construct simple sentences and at the age o f three the child has a vast number of new vocabularies. Parents need to do a number of things so as to help the child learn and master language. This may include, echoing a word correctly immediately the child pronounces it, restating a word used by the child in various ways and even using the word to construct a sentence, shout the name of a new object severally and encourage reading and writing as this will improve language skills and mastering (Malley, 1995) Conclusion Toddlerhood is therefore, the most critical stagein a child development. This is seen in the various aspects of growth that take place during this stage. It is in this stage that determines how the child will be like in the future, therefore, proper care should be taken in the manner of bringing up the child at this stage ensuring that all aspects have been well nurtured References List Charlesworth, R. (2011). Understanding child development. (8th Ed). Wadsworth: Cengage Learning Malley, C. (1995). Toddler Develo pment. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts. Web. Shaffer,D,R. (2009). Social and personality development. (6th Ed). Wadsworth: Cengage Learning. This critical writing on Child Development was written and submitted by user Javion C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Child Development Introduction Child development is an essential process that takes place in the life of an individual. This process commences immediately after birth when an individual highly relies on others for sustenance and ends towards the end of adolescence when the said individual approaches independence (Graham, 2010). In the process of child development, there are various factors that determine the cognitive and psychological development of an individual.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Child Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The genetic constitution and prenatal care are some of the factors that influence the development of an individual during this phase of development. Consequently, ecological factors also play a significant role in child development. This paper will therefore focus on the impact that ecological factors have on child development. Ecological Factors In the process of development, there are various factors that determine the rate of development in a child. According to Urie (2006), ecological factors play a significant role in the process of child development since a child responds to various environmental cues that surrounds him/her. Thus, there are various environmental systems that a child interacts with that are influential in his/her development. The microsystem is the first environmental system that determines child development. This system comprises of the institutions and groups that immediately surround a child. The family is perhaps the most influential segment of this system. The behavior and personality of a child highly depends on the influence that arises from his/her family (Urie, 2006). In this respect therefore, family members have always been encourage to offer support and positive guidance to children to support their process of development. Consequently, educational and religious institutions also play a significant role in the process of child development especially in setting up their values, morals, goals, and beliefs. The influence that a child gets from his/her peers also determines his/her process of development. In most cases, children tend to imitate or adopt behaviors from their peers. For instance, the interaction that children have plays a significant role in speech development (Graham, 2010). Thus, a child who interacts more stands a high chance of learning how to speak fluently as compared to a child who does not interact with children of his/her age. The macrosystem is another environmental system that affects the process of child development. The macrosystem highly concentrates on the culture in which a child is brought up in. The level of economic development in the nation/region that a child is brought up in plays a significant role in determining his/her level of development.Advertising Looking for critical writing on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For instance, a child who is brought up in an industrialized country that is economically stable is expected to be different in terms of cognitive and psychological development as compared to a child who is brought up in a third world country. The child in a developed nation has a lot of resources and opportunities that will enhance his/her process of development. Ethnicity and cultural background are also significant factors in the process of development. An African American child is expected to have different values and beliefs as compared to a White American child despite the fact that they might be living in the same neighborhood. The chronosystems involves the transitions that a child experiences in the process of development. It has been identified that transferring a child to a new school or moving him/her to a different neighborhood, state, or nation will have a psychological effect that will definitely affect his/her development. Consequently, issues such as divorce, separation, and death will have effects that will affect the psychological and cognitive development of a child. Conclusion This paper has therefore identified that there are several ecological factors that affect the development of a child. It is therefore essential that necessary measures are taken to ensure that a child is exposed to the right environmental cues to ensure that his process of development is effective. This will play a significant role in ensuring that the child grows to be a morally and psychologically stable individual as an adult. References Graham, D. (2010). Environmental Factors Affecting the Growth of Children. The  American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2(1), 44-50. Urie, B. (2006). Ecology of the Family as a Context for Human Development: Research Perspectives. Developmental Psychology, 22(6), 723-742 This critical writing on Child Development was written and submitted by user Leah Osborne to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How To Make Small Talk With Your Boss

How To Make Small Talk With Your Boss Stuck in the elevator or the break room when your boss comes in? Suddenly panic and get tongue-tied? Want desperately impress but not to look in any way desperate? Never fear, you’ll no longer have to spend the rest of the day regretting your awkward small talk drivel. Here are 7 tips on how to talk to your boss without looking stupid or insane.1. Remember their humanity.Your boss is also a person. I know that can be hard to keep in mind, but it’s important to remember. Don’t overanalyze and read things into every single thing she says. Keep in mind she might be tired or having a bad day, or just preoccupied, and doesn’t mean anything by what she says. Bosses get to be introverted or awkward too!2. Read the signs.Body language is your friend here. Take note of your boss’s stance and gestures, then compare those to when he talks to other colleagues or co-workers. That furrowed brow might just be the way his face looks- not a sign he’s mad at y ou! If he looks really busy and closed off, leave the conversation to a minimum and try to charm him on another day.3. Know your answer.Guaranteed the first question you’ll be asked is â€Å"How are you?† or â€Å"How’s it going?† Don’t be caught out by this obvious first conversational parry. Have an answer ready that won’t trap you in the â€Å"Good. And you?† â€Å"Good† dead end. Pivot to a conversation about something you’re both working on, or some piece of company or industry news. Try to keep the conversation 80/20 about cool interesting work-related things, vs. personal matters- yours or hers.4. Trader Joe it.Ever been in a Trader Joe’s? Those employees are pathologically pleasant and instantly put customers at ease. Be easygoing and forthcoming. Throw in a few details and a charming smile and you might just make a lastingly positive impression.5. Talk about them.Accomplished people love nothing more than to talk about themselves. Give your boss a bit of leeway to do just that. Compliment a recent project or accomplishment of theirs, then sit back and let them direct the conversation.6. Talk travel.Particularly if your boss just got back from traveling or from vacation, you can always just ask how their trip went and then sit back and hear all the jealous-making details. Bonus points if you have some nice trivia or intel about the place they’ve just come from or are going next.7. Problem solve.If there’s a particularly stick or baffling bit of an upcoming project you’re working on, it can be a great idea to get your boss involved. Make her a part of the excitement of problem solving. Two heads are always better than one! Plus it gets your boss looking at how devoted and intent you are on doing excellent work for her and for the company. Bonus!